Abajijwe uko batekereza uko robot zishobora kumera, abantu benshi batekereza kuri robo nini, zihiga zikorera mu ruzitiro rw’inganda nini, cyangwa abarwanyi b'intwaro za futuristic bigana imyitwarire y'abantu.
Hagati aho ariko, ikintu gishya kirimo kugaragara bucece: kuvuka kwitwa "cobots", bishobora gukorana mu buryo butaziguye n'abakozi b'abantu bidakenewe uruzitiro rw'umutekano kugira ngo rutandukane.Ubu bwoko bwa cobot burashobora kwizera ko buziba icyuho kiri hagati yintoki ziteranijwe nintoki zuzuye.Kugeza ubu, ibigo bimwe na bimwe, cyane cyane imishinga mito n'iciriritse, biracyatekereza ko gukoresha robotike bihenze cyane kandi bigoye, kuburyo batigera batekereza kubisaba.
Imashini za robo gakondo murirusange nini, zikora inyuma yikingira yikirahure, kandi zikoreshwa cyane mubikorwa byimodoka nindi mirongo minini yo guterana.Ibinyuranyo, cobots yoroheje, yoroheje cyane, igendanwa, kandi irashobora gusubirwamo kugirango ikemure imirimo mishya, ifasha ibigo kumenyera umusaruro mwinshi wo gutunganya imashini ntoya kugirango bakemure ibibazo byumusaruro muke.Muri Amerika, umubare wa robo zikoreshwa mu nganda z’imodoka ziracyafite hafi 65% y’ibicuruzwa byose byagurishijwe ku isoko.Ishyirahamwe ry’inganda z’Abanyamerika (RIA), rishingiye ku mibare y’indorerezi, ryizera ko mu masosiyete ashobora kugirira akamaro ama robo, ibigo 10% byonyine bimaze gushyiraho robot kugeza ubu.
Uruganda rukora imfashanyo Odicon rukoresha amaboko ya robot ya UR5 kugirango ikore imirimo itandukanye munganda, mugihe ibikoresho byo guswera byasimbujwe clamp pneumatike ishobora gukemura ibibazo byinshi.Imashini itandatu-axis ifite uruziga rw'amasegonda ane kugeza kuri arindwi kandi irashobora gukora ibikorwa byo kuzunguruka no kugoreka bidashoboka hamwe na robot ebyiri zisanzwe - na eshatu-axis ya Odicon.
Gukemura neza
Imashini gakondo zikoreshwa na Audi ntizishobora gukemura ibibazo bijyanye nibisabwa kandi byoroshye.Ariko hamwe na robo nshya, byose birashira.Ibice byo kumva sida igezweho bigenda biba bito, akenshi bipima milimetero imwe gusa.Abumva infashanyo yo kumva bagiye bashaka igisubizo gishobora gukuramo uduce duto mubibumbano.Ibi ntibishoboka rwose gukora intoki.Muri ubwo buryo, "ishaje" ebyiri - cyangwa eshatu-axis ya robo, ishobora kugenda gusa itambitse kandi ihagaritse, ntishobora kugerwaho.Niba, nkurugero, agace gato kagumye mubibumbano, robot igomba kuba ishobora kuyisohora hanze.
Umunsi umwe gusa, Audicon yashyizeho robot mumahugurwa yayo yo kubumba imirimo mishya.Imashini nshya irashobora gushirwa neza hejuru yimashini itera inshinge, igashushanya ibice bya pulasitike binyuze muri sisitemu ya vacuum yabugenewe, mugihe ibice byinshi bibumbabumbwe bikoreshwa hifashishijwe clampique.Bitewe nigishushanyo cyacyo cya gatandatu, robot nshya irashobora gukoreshwa cyane kandi irashobora gukuraho vuba ibice mubibumbano byizunguruka cyangwa bigoramye.Imashini nshya zifite uruziga rukora rwamasegonda ane kugeza kuri arindwi, bitewe nubunini bwibikorwa byakozwe nubunini bwibigize.Bitewe nuburyo bwiza bwo gukora, igihe cyo kwishyura ni iminsi 60 gusa.
Ku ruganda rwa Audi, robot ya UR yashyizwe neza kumashini ibumba inshinge kandi irashobora kugenda hejuru yububiko no gufata ibikoresho bya plastiki.Ibi bikorwa hifashishijwe sisitemu ya vacuum yabugenewe kugirango tumenye neza ko ibice byoroshye bitangirika.
Irashobora gukorera mumwanya muto
Ku ruganda rwo mu Butaliyani Cascina Italia, robot ikorana ikora kumurongo wapakira irashobora gutunganya amagi 15,000 kumasaha.Imashini ifite ibikoresho bya pneumatike, robot irashobora kurangiza ibikorwa byo gupakira amakarito 10 yamagi.Akazi gasaba gufata neza no gushyira neza, kuko buri gasanduku k'amagi karimo ibice 9 by'amagi 10.
Ku ikubitiro, Cascina ntabwo yari yiteze gukoresha robo kugirango akore akazi, ariko uruganda rwamagi rwahise rumenya ibyiza byo gukoresha robo nyuma yo kubabona ikora muruganda rwayo.Nyuma yiminsi mirongo icyenda, robot nshya zirakora kumurongo wuruganda.Imashini ipima ibiro 11 gusa, robot irashobora kugenda byoroshye kuva kumurongo umwe wapakiye mukindi, kikaba ari ingenzi kuri Cascina, ifite ubunini bune butandukanye bwibicuruzwa byamagi kandi ikeneye robot kugirango ibashe gukora ina umwanya muto cyane kuruhande rwabakozi.
Cascina Italia ikoresha robot UR5 ivuye muri UAO Robotics gutunganya amagi 15,000 kumasaha kumurongo wapakira.Abakozi b'ikigo barashobora gusubiramo vuba robot hanyuma bagakora iruhande rwayo badakoresheje uruzitiro rwumutekano.Kubera ko uruganda rwa Cascina rutari ruteganijwe kubamo uruganda rumwe rukora imashini, robot ishobora kugenda vuba hagati yimirimo yari ingenzi kubatanze amagi mubutaliyani.
Umutekano ubanza
Kuva kera, umutekano wabaye ahantu hashyushye nimbaraga nyamukuru zitera laboratoire ya laboratoire niterambere.Urebye umutekano wo gukorana nabantu, ibisekuru bishya bya robo yinganda bigizwe ningingo zifatika, moteri itwara moteri, moteri yingufu nibikoresho byoroheje.
Imashini za robo za Cascina zujuje ibyangombwa bisabwa byumutekano ku mbaraga n’umupaka.Iyo bahuye nabakozi babantu, robot zifite ibikoresho byo kugenzura imbaraga bigabanya imbaraga zo gukoraho kugirango birinde gukomeretsa.Mubisabwa byinshi, nyuma yisuzuma ryibyago, iyi mikorere yumutekano ituma robot ikora idakeneye kurinda umutekano.
Irinde imirimo iremereye
Muri sosiyete y’itabi ya Scandinaviya, robot ikorana irashobora noneho gukorana neza nabakozi babantu kugirango bafate amabati yitabi kubikoresho bipakira itabi.
Ku itabi rya Scandinaviya, robot ya UR5 ubu yikoreye amabati y'itabi, ibohora abakozi kubisubiramo kandi ikabimurira mu mirimo yoroshye.Ibicuruzwa bishya bya mashini ya Youao Robot byakiriwe neza nabantu bose.
Imashini nshya zirashobora gusimbuza abakozi babantu mumirimo iremereye isubirwamo, ikabohora abakozi umwe cyangwa babiri mbere bagombaga gukora akazi mukuboko.Abo bakozi ubu boherejwe muyindi myanya mu ruganda.Kubera ko nta cyumba gihagije kiri murwego rwo gupakira mu ruganda rwo gutandukanya ama robo, gukoresha robot ikorana byoroshya cyane kwishyiriraho no kugabanya ibiciro.
Itabi rya Scandinaviya ryateje imbere imiterere yaryo kandi riteganya abatekinisiye bo murugo kurangiza gahunda yambere.Ibi birinda imishinga kumenya-uburyo, itanga umusaruro mwinshi, kandi ikirinda igihe cyo gutanga umusaruro, kimwe no gukenera abajyanama bahenze bohereza hanze mugihe habaye ikibazo cyo gukemura ikibazo.Kumenyekanisha umusaruro ushimishije byatumye ba nyir'ubucuruzi bahitamo gukomeza umusaruro mu bihugu bya Scandinaviya aho umushahara ari mwinshi.Imashini nshya za sosiyete itabi zifite inyungu mugihe cyishoramari cyiminsi 330.
Kuva kumacupa 45 kumunota kugeza kumacupa 70 kumunota
Inganda nini nazo zishobora kungukirwa na robo nshya.Mu ruganda rwa Johnson & Johnson muri Atenayi, mu Bugereki, robot ikorana na yo yahinduye neza uburyo bwo gupakira imisatsi n'ibicuruzwa byita ku ruhu.Gukora amasaha yose, ukuboko kwa robo kurashobora gufata amacupa atatu yibicuruzwa bivuye kumurongo icyarimwe icyarimwe buri masegonda 2.5, Kuberekeza no kubishyira mumashini ipakira.Gutunganya intoki birashobora kugera kumacupa 45 kumunota, ugereranije nibicuruzwa 70 kumunota hamwe nibikorwa bya robo.
Kuri Johnson & Johnson, abakozi bakunda gukorana na bagenzi babo bashya bakorana na robo kuburyo bafite izina ryayo.UR5 ubu izwi cyane nka "Cleo".
Amacupa arakuweho kandi yimurwa neza nta ngaruka zo gutombora cyangwa kunyerera.Ubuhanga bwa robo ni ingenzi cyane kuko amacupa aje muburyo bwose no mubunini kandi ibirango ntibicapwe kuruhande rumwe rwibicuruzwa byose, bivuze ko robot igomba kuba ishobora gufata ibicuruzwa kuruhande rwiburyo n'ibumoso.
Umukozi wese wa J&J arashobora gusubiramo ama robo kugirango akore imirimo mishya, azigama isosiyete ikiguzi cyo guha akazi abashinzwe porogaramu hanze.
Icyerekezo gishya mugutezimbere robo
Izi ni zimwe mu ngero zerekana uburyo igisekuru gishya cya robo cyakemuye neza ibibazo nyabyo byisi kwisi robot gakondo zananiwe gukemura kera.Ku bijyanye no guhuza imikoranire n’umuntu n’umusaruro, ubushobozi bwimashini za robo gakondo zigomba kuzamurwa hafi ya buri rwego: Kuva kwishyiriraho kugenwa kugeza kwimurwa, kuva kumirimo isubirwamo rimwe na rimwe kugeza kumirimo ihindagurika kenshi, kuva mugihe kimwe kugeza kumurongo uhoraho, kuva ntamuntu imikoranire kubufatanye kenshi nabakozi, kuva mukarere konyine kugeza kugabana umwanya, no kuva mumyaka yunguka kugeza hafi-hafi kugaruka kubushoramari.Mu minsi ya vuba, hazabaho iterambere ryinshi murwego rushya rwa robo ruzahora ruhindura imikorere yacu no gukorana nikoranabuhanga.
Itabi rya Scandinaviya ryateje imbere imiterere yaryo kandi riteganya abatekinisiye bo murugo kurangiza gahunda yambere.Ibi birinda imishinga kumenya-uburyo, itanga umusaruro mwinshi, kandi ikirinda igihe cyo gutanga umusaruro, kimwe no gukenera abajyanama bahenze bohereza hanze mugihe habaye ikibazo cyo gukemura ikibazo.Kumenyekanisha umusaruro ushimishije byatumye ba nyir'ubucuruzi bahitamo gukomeza umusaruro mu bihugu bya Scandinaviya aho umushahara ari mwinshi.Imashini nshya za sosiyete itabi zifite inyungu mugihe cyishoramari cyiminsi 330.
Kuva kumacupa 45 kumunota kugeza kumacupa 70 kumunota
Inganda nini nazo zishobora kungukirwa na robo nshya.Mu ruganda rwa Johnson & Johnson muri Atenayi, mu Bugereki, robot ikorana na yo yahinduye neza uburyo bwo gupakira imisatsi n'ibicuruzwa byita ku ruhu.Gukora amasaha yose, ukuboko kwa robo kurashobora gufata amacupa atatu yibicuruzwa bivuye kumurongo icyarimwe icyarimwe buri masegonda 2.5, Kuberekeza no kubishyira mumashini ipakira.Gutunganya intoki birashobora kugera kumacupa 45 kumunota, ugereranije nibicuruzwa 70 kumunota hamwe nibikorwa bya robo.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Apr-25-2022